RIP Jane Austen

Today is the 192nd anniversary of Jane Austen's death. Night, a poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822), sums up our sadness at a life cut down too soon. Below are additional posts about Jane's final days on Austenprose and Jane Austen Today, and other blogs.

Night

SWIFTLY walk o'er the western wave,
Spirit of Night!
Out of the misty eastern cave,-
Where, all the long and lone daylight,
Thou wovest dreams of joy and fear
Which make thee terrible and dear,-
Swift be thy flight!

Wrap thy form in a mantle grey,
Star-inwrought!
Blind with thine hair the eyes of Day;
Kiss her until she be wearied out.
Then wander o'er city and sea and land,
Touching all with thine opiate wand-
Come, long-sought!

When I arose and saw the dawn,
I sigh'd for thee;
When light rode high, and the dew was gone,
And noon lay heavy on flower and tree,
And the weary Day turn'd to his rest,
Lingering like an unloved guest,
I sigh'd for thee.

Thy brother Death came, and cried,
'Wouldst thou me?'
Thy sweet child Sleep, the filmy-eyed,
Murmur'd like a noontide bee,
'Shall I nestle near thy side?
Wouldst thou me?'-And I replied,
'No, not thee!'

Death will come when thou art dead,
Soon, too soon-
Sleep will come when thou art fled.
Of neither would I ask the boon
I ask of thee, belovèd Night-
Swift be thine approaching flight,
Come soon, soon!

Blog Posts About Jane Austen's Last Illness & Days

• Reflection Upon the Death of Jane Austen and Civility
• Jane Austen's Legacy: Precious Bits of Ivory Turned into Monsters
  
• Jane Austen's Last Days
• Jane Austen's Final Hours
• In Memoriam Jane Austen
• On the Anniverary of Jane's Death
  
• Austen Obituaries
• Jane Austen's Will
  

Images: Jane's grave in Winchester, Lock of Jane's hair shaped in a weeping willow pattern, and Mourning Dress, 1811.

On the anniversary of Jane Austen's death

Jane Austen, 1775-1817: I have lost a treasure, such a sister, such a friend as never can have been surpassed. She was the sun of my life, the gilder of every pleasure, the soother of every sorrow; I had not a thought concealed from her, and it is as if I had lost a part of myself. I loved her only too well -- not better than she deserved, but I am conscious that my affection for her made me sometimes unjust to and negligent of others; and I can acknowledge, more than as a general principle, the justice of the Hand which has struck this blow.

Cassandra to Fanny Knight, July 20, 1817, two days after her beloved sister's death

Jane Austen's grave stone at Winchester Cathedral

Although Jane Austen had been ill since fall of 1816, as late as May 27, 1817 she wrote a letter to her nephew Edward saying she was feeling better:

Letter to Edward, 1817
Mrs. Davids, College Street-Winton

Tuesday May 27.

I know no better way my dearest Edward, of thanking you for your most affectionate concern for me during my illness, than by telling you myself as soon as possible that I continue to get better.-I will not boast of my handwriting ; neither that, nor my face have yet recovered their proper beauty, but in other respects I am gaining strength very fast. I am now out of bed from 9 in the morng* to 10 at night-upon the sopha t'is true-but I eat my meals with aunt Cass: in a rational way, & can employ myself, and walk from one room to another.-Mr. Lyford says he will cure me, & if he fails I shall draw up a Memorial and lay it before the Dean & Chapter, & have no doubt of redress from that Pious, Learned, and Disinterested Body.-Our Lodgings are very comfortable. We have a neat little Drawing room with a Bow-window overlooking Dr. Gabell's garden. Thanks to the kindness of your Father & Mother in sending me their carriage, my Journey hither on Saturday was performed with very little fatigue, & had it been a fine day I think I should have felt none, but it distressed me to see uncle Henry & Wm. K-who kindly attended us on horseback, riding in rain almost all the way.-We expect a visit from them tomorrow, & hopethey will stay the night, and on Thursday, which is Confirmation & a Holiday, we are to get Charles out to breakfast. We have had but one visit yet from him poor fellow, as he is in sick room, but he hopes to be out to-night. We see Mrs. Heathcote every day, & William is to call upon us soon.-God bless you my dear Edward. If ever you are ill, may you be as tenderly nursed as I have been, may the same Blessed alleviations of anxious, simpathising friends be yours, & may you possess-as I dare say you will-the greatest blessing of all, in the consciousness of not being unworthy of their Love. I could not feel this.

Your very affec: Aunt

J. A. Had I not engaged to write to you, you wd* have heard again from your Aunt Martha, as she charged me to tell you with her best Love.

Alas, Jane died in her sister's arms on July 18, 1817. Today, there is a debate about the disease that caused her early death. (See the links below.) Mourning rituals and observances were fixed during the 19th century, and a lock of Jane's hair is preserved to this day (see the sidebar in this blog). I wouldn't be surprised (though I have found no corroboration of my suspicion) that Cassandra or Mrs. Elliot, Jane's mother, wore a locket with a sample of her hair.

Mourning heart locket, 1800-1820, typical of its day and often filled with the hair of a loved one.

Read more about about this sad period in the life of the Austen family:

• Letters from Cassandra Austen to Fanny Knight, 1817, Republic of Pemberley

• Jane Austen a Life, Claire Tomalin, Appendix 1 (Concerning Jane Austen's last illness.)

• Jane Austen's Illness: Sir Zachary Cope, British Medical Journal, 1964

• Jane Austen’s lifelong health problems and final illness: New evidence points to a fatal Hodgkin’s disease and excludes the widely accepted Addison’s, Annette Upfal, School of English, Media Studies and Art History, The University of Queensland, Brisbane

• The Art of Mourning: A resource for memorial, mourning, sentimental jewellery and art

Jane Austen's Will

The website, Treasures from the National Archives, UK, links to a copy of Jane Austen's Will which she wrote at Chawton just months before she died. Also find William Shakespeare's Will on this site.

Here is the transcript of Jane's Will:

I Jane Austen of the Parish of Chawton do by this my last will I testament give and bequeath to my dearest sister. Cassandra. Elizabeth everything of which I may die possessed of which may be hereafter due to me, subject to the payment of my Funeral expences, & to a Legacy of £50. to my Brother Henry, & £50 to all de Byion which I request may be paid as soon as convenient. And I appoint my said dear sister the executrix of this my last will & testament.




April 27 1817